Gas-burner



(No Model.)

B. T. JONES. GAS BURNER.

No. 597,319. Patented Jam 11, 1898-.

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UNITED STATES PATENT rrics.

ELLIS T. JONES, OFHOBOKEN, NEWV JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THOMAS ADAMS, JR, OFBROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

GAS-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters ZPatent No. 597,319, dated January11, 1898.

Application filed August 22, 1896. Serial No. 603,561. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELLIS T. JONES, a citizen of the United States,residing atHoboken, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey,have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Gas-Burners, ofwhich the following is a specification.

The invention relates to burners using gas for illuminating purposes,and particularly to the lVelsbach type, in which mingled gas and air areburned to produce an intense heating-flame in a manner analogous to thatof the Bunsen burner and raise to incandescence a peculiarly-preparedmantle, producing an exceptionally brilliant and steady light with greateconomy. It is the usual practice in lighting a burner of thisdescription to allow the air and gas from the mixingchamber to passupward into the mantle and through its interstices to the surroundingchimney or shade and ignite them from above, resulting in a mildexplosion, which is often sufficient to fracture the delicate mantle anddestroy its usefulness.

The object of my invention is to avoid the explosion described above. Iaccomplish this desirable end by introducing the ignitingfiame frombelow and within the mantle and insuring that there shall not at anytime be any volume of unignited mixed gas and air liable to explodetherein.

It consists of a separable burner, one part carrying the mantle and itsconnections and the other in communication with the gas-supply, adaptedto be ignited and carry a small flame which when the parts are unitedwill burn within the mantle, serving as an igniter for the mingled airand gas from the mixingchamber when such is admitted. The intensity ofthe flame may then be increased until the proper state of incandescenceis at tained. By this means I am able to initiate the heating withoutshock and gradually increase the volume of mixed gas and air until theproper conditions are reached. Peculiarly-efficient means are providedfor controlling the gas-passages leading to the jet and to themixing-chamber.

The invention also consists of certain details of construction andarrangements of 'ditioned in Fig. 2.

parts, which will be first fully described, and then pointed out in theclaims. 7

The accompanying drawings form a part of this specification and show themanner in which I have carried out the invention.

Figure l is a side elevation, partly in vertical section, showing aburner constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is acorresponding vertical section on the line 2 2m Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is anelevation showing the conditions when the parts carrying the mantle areremoved. Fig. 4 is a cross-section on the line l 4 in Fig. 3. Theremaining figures are on a larger scale. Fig. 5 is a vertical section ofa portion shown differently con- Fig. 6 is a face View of a portion.Fig. 7 is a vertical section showing a modified form. Figs. 8 and 9 areface views of the parts shown in the preceding figures.

Similar letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.

A is an ordinary screw-threaded nipple or outlet from a pipe bringingilluminating-gas.

A is a cap matching to the nipple and having its screw-threaded orificea continued farther than required to make the joint, for apurpose whichwill presently appear.

A is a shoulder against which abuts the lower end of anupwardly-extending tightfitting tube A forming a portion of themixing-chamber and having several openings a arranged just above itsjunction with the upper portion of the cap. The latter has a centralorifice a Fig. 5, surrounded within the cap by a depending flange Afinished to serve as a seat for an annular flangevalve A on the lowerend of the jet-tube A, extending upward through the opening a andthrough and beyond the tube A Below the jet tube is a conical seat A, onthe upper face of a plug A screu threaded to match to the threads on theinterior of the cap and lying in the space above the nipple A. It may beadjusted higher or lower in the cap, when the latter is removed from thenipple, by simply engaging it by a suitable tool and turning in theproper direction. It is provided with a series of small holes a",through which gas may pass to supply the burner.

A is an open guide fitted upon the jet-tube A and matching the interiorof the tube A It carries a radial set-screw A serving to hold the guidein place on the jet-tube and having its head A engaged in an inclinedslot (1., cut in the tube A at about the midheight. The inclination andlength of the slot a are such that when the head A is at the lower endthe jet-tube A is seated on the cone A and the flow of gas to the jet isstopped, but flows unobstructedly to the mixing-chamber, as shown inFig. 2, and when at the upper end of the slot a the valve A closes theorifice A leading to the mixingchamber and allows gas to flow throughthe jet-tube, as shown in Fig. 5.

The portions above described remain nor mally attached to the nipple A.The portions following are removable.

B is a tube closely fitted to slide telescopically on the tube A It hasorifices b, adapted to register with the holes a and a vertical slot Z),open at the lower end, engaging the head A and causing the screw andconnected jet-tube A to rise and sink in the slot a when the tube B isrotated upon the tube A B is a horizontal spider-frame the periph- C isa cylinder of mica forming the upper part of the mixing-chamber and heldclosely to the tube B bya sliding ring 0. It extends upwardly therefromand receives at its upper end a head D, of wire-gauze, held between aninternal ring 0 and an external gallery or ring D, having an annulargroove (1, produced in the process of spinning or otherwise. The micacylinder forms a cheap, efficient, and easily-applied means ofinsulating the upper part of the burher to prevent conduction of heat tothe lower portion and insures that the latter shall be always cool.

E is a spreader or deflecting-button eyeleted in the center of thewire-gauze D and having its central aperture of sufficient size to admitthe point of the jet-tube A.

F is a rod or wire bent as shown in Fig; l to extend its hooked end F tothe axial line of the burner. It is secured in place at the desiredheight in a holder F, attached to one of the arms of the spider-frame B,by a setscrew F tapped radially therein.

M is the mantle, which may be of any wellknown or preferred make. It issupported from the hook F, engaged in the loop M, provided, as usual, onthe mantle, and hangs suspended with its lower edge within the galleryD, protected but unsupported by the latter.

Gas is admitted to the mixing-chamber, by which is meant the spaceinclosed by the tube A mica cylinder 0, and head D, through the orifices(1 in the plug A and air is taken in through the openings a minglingintimately,and, escaping through the wire-gauze, is burned Within themantle.

It will be observed that when the outer tube B isturned in the directionto lower the jettube A and admit gas the same movement brings the holesZ) into register with the orifices 0. to admit the proper quantity ofair, and the reverse movement shuts off the supply of both gas and airto the mixing-chamber and admits gas to the jet-tube only. There is atransition period between these two conditions during which gas issupplied to both, with a limited volume of air to the chamber. This isimportant in successfully performing the lighting operation, which Iwill briefly describe.

The tube 13, with its attachments, is turned to raisethe jet-tube A, andis then removed from engagement with the tube A and proj ecting head A,the movement being allowed by the open slot b", and set aside. Gas isthen admitted to the nipple A and jet-tube by turning the supply-cock(not shown) on the gas-pipe, and the escaping gas is ignited and burnsas a small jet. The removed portions are then replaced upon the tube Athe jet continuing to burn, and now within the mantle M. The tube B isthen turned slowly in the direction to lower the jet-tube, the firsteffect being to allow gas and air to enter the mixing chamber in smallquantities and pass through the wire-gauze to the jet, where it isignited. As the turning movement is continued increased quantities ofgas and air are admitted and burned, correspondingly increasing theintensity of the flame, until at the conclusion of the motion themaximum proportions of air and gas are entering and the supply to thejet is shut off by the descent of the jettube upon the seat A At no timeduring this operation is there an accumulation of explosive mixturewithin the mantle. The small quantities of gas and air first escapingthrough the gauze find the jet burning and are ignited, and as soon asthe heatingflame is initiated the danger of explosion has passed. Thesame action may be eifected by other means.

Figs. 7, 8, and 9 show a modified form of by-pass in which the wholeupper portion of the burner is removed and the supply of gas to thejet-tube 'and burner is controlled by turning the part G upon the lowerfixed part H. The ports are so arranged and proportioned as to graduallyincrease the supply to the mixing-chamber and to cut off the jet beforethe maximum is reached.

Other modifications may be made in the forms and proportions withoutdeparting from the principle of the invention or sacrificing itsadvantages.

Other forms of seats may be substituted for the conical seat A".

The advantages of the invention are obvious, but the principal ones maybe briefly set forth.

The main advantage is of course the avoidanoe of an explosion or shockliable to shatter the mantle at the instant of ignition. The automaticcontrol of the air and gas passages to allow the gradual increase inintensity is important. I also attach importance to the fact that by theuse of my invention the cock in the gas-pipe not shown) maybe carefullyadjusted to allow the passage of a just sufficient quantity of gas toinsure the best illumination with a given pressure, and when so set maybe left in that condition indefinitely, the turning on and off of thelight being performed by simply partially rotating one portion of theburner upon the fixed part to the full extent from the extreme in onedirection to the extreme in the other.

I claim 1. In a burner of the character herein set f orth,a rem ovableportion carrying the mantle and a fixed portion attached to thegas-supply pipe, a mixingchamber, a jet-tube extending therethrough andterminating within the mantle, forming a part of said fixed portion andmovable relatively thereto, in combination with gas-passages controlledby the movement of said tube and uniting the gas-supply and said jet andchamber, arranged to allow gas to enter the jet-tube when the latter isat one end of its motion and to cut off the supply to the mixing-chamberand mantle, and when at the other end of its motion to supply gas to thesaid chamber and mantle and cut off the supply to said tube, andalso tosupply gas to each when in the intermediate posi tion, all substantiallyas herein specified.

In a burner of the character herein set forth, a removable portioncarrying the mantie, and a fixed portion attached to the gassupply pipe,in combination with a jet-tube mounted with liberty to move verticallyin said fixed portion, its upper end extending within the mantle whenthe portions are together, to serve as an igniter for the mingled gasand air received within said mantle, a valve carried at the lower end, acasing inclosing the valve and forming part of said fixed portion,seatswithin the casing arranged to allow gas to enter the jet-tube when thelatter is at one end of its travel and to out off the supply to themixing-chamber and mantle; when at the other end of its travel to allowgas to flow to the said chamber and mantle and to cut off the supply tosaid tube, and when in the intermediate position to allow gas to fiow toboth, all substantially as herein specified.

3. In a burner of the character herein set forth, a fixed portionforming a part of the mixing-chamber, attached to the gas-supply pipeand having air-inlets, a jet-tube mounted with liberty to movevertically in said portion, a valve moving with said tube, a casinginolosing the valve, and seats within the casing arranged to allow gasto fiow'to the jettube and mixing-chamber or to cut off the supply toeither as the said jet-tube is raised or lowered, in combination with aremovable portion carrying the mantle and inclosing said fixed portion,arranged to partially rotate on the latter and thereby raise and lowersaid jet-tube, and having air-inlets adapted to register with those insaid fixed portion, whereby the supply of air to the said mixin -chamheris out off with the gas to the same and gradually increased by themovement in the direction to admit gas to the chamber and cut off thesupply to the jet, all substantially as herein specified.

4. In a burner of the character herein set forth, the nipple A havingthe orifice a the seat A surrounding the latter, the plug A and its seatA the jet-tube A and valve A thereon, the tube A fixed on said nippleand having the inclined slot 606, the head A received in said slot andattached to said jettube, and the inclosing tube B having the openslot 1) engaging the said head for raising and lowering the connectedjet-tube by turning said tube B relatively to the tube A all combinedand arranged to serve with the mantle M and its connections, as and forthe purposes specified.

5, In a burner of the character herein set forth, the tube A receivinggas for the burner and having the air-inlet openings 0, and inclinedslot a, the jet-tube A and its guide A and head A engaged in said slot,the nipple A and seat A and the plug A and its seat A in combinationwith the movable inclosing tube B having the open slot 1) engaging saidhead, and the air-inlet orifices b arranged to register with the saidopenings a when the head is at one end of its travel and admit air tothe burner, and to shut off the supply when at the opposite end, alladapted to serve with the mantle M and its connections,as and for thepurposes specified.

6. In a burner of the character herein set forth, the tube B, micacylinder O and ring C for holding it to said tube, the head D, theinternal ring 0 and gallery D receiving the :15 upper end of saidcylinder between them, all combined and arranged to serve substantiallyas herein specified.

In testimony that I claim the invention above set forth I afiix mysignature in pres- 12o ence of two witnesses.

ELLIS T. JONES.

Witnesses:

R0131. CONNOR, PATRICK E. COLLINS.

